BRAF Kinase Inhibitors Tested In Clinical Trials For Melanoma Treatment Are Showing Positive Results Increasing Lifespan Of Patients

BRAF Kinase Inhibitors
BRAF kinase inhibitors are elements used for blocking a protein known as BRAF. BRAF, a kinase enzyme is known to help in regulation of cell growth and signaling. In some types of cancers that includes colorectal and melanoma, the BRAF can be found in mutated form and when these mutated BRAF kinase proteins are blocked it can help to suppress the cancer growth. Thus, BRAF kinase inhibitors are used for the treatment of cancer. Researchers have been testing BRAF kinase inhibitors in melanoma for a long time now and with all these clinical trials, now it is possible to develop novel treatments for this cancer. Many of the studies indicated that using BRAF kinase inhibitors significantly increases life span of patients suffering from melanoma.

In a recent study, a selective BRAF kinase inhibitor named dabrafenib improved progression-free survival compared to a standard chemotherapy drug, dacarbazine. In this trial, patients with intracranial metastases showed that dabrafenib was associated with increased progression-free survival, a critical endpoint for a therapy for metastatic melanoma.

BRAF kinase inhibitors work by inhibiting the activity of RAF phosphatases. It also inhibits ERK and MAPK, which is a common signaling pathway. Several studies of patients with melanoma have shown that BRAF inhibitors are associated with significant AEs, including the accelerated growth of tumors. However, there is evidence of acquired resistance to BRAF kinase inhibition in the ERK-dependent phenotype of melanoma.

As BRAF inhibitors are known to have side effects, they are not suitable for all patients. Besides, BRAF kinase inhibitors can be toxic and should be taken with caution. One type of melanoma drug is SK-MEL-28-BRAFi-R2, which has an enriched expression of TYR, and MITF. It is possible to acquire resistance to BRAF kinase inhibitors through a variety of mechanisms. Sorafenib, a BRAF kinase inhibitor, is a new drug for the treatment of melanoma. This small molecule inhibits the activity of ERK, a key enzyme involved in cancer cell proliferation. It also inhibits the PDGFR receptor and the c-Kit receptor. In April 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval to BRAFTOVI (Encorafenib) in combination with Cetuximab for treating BRAFV600E-Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (CRC).

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